Money - is the second most important Essay Example for Free

Money is the second most important Essay Money is the second most important thing in the world, Says Margaret on p. 134. To what extent do you feel your reading of Howards End has confirmed or undermined this view of the world Forster creates in his novel. Forster sets the novel in Edwardian times. This setting is one of great industrial and cultural advances that reflect greatly upon the characters in the novel. During the Edwardian period the first motorcar was developed for public use, there was a great divide between the upper classes and the lower and women did not yet have the right to vote. I will be exploring how money and other privileges affect characters behaviour. As well as describing how Forsters portrayal of these characters driven by money affects the novels story and readers perspective of how ones lifestyle was in Edwardian times. The Shlegels and the Wilcoxs both have very different views on life. Though from similar social status the Shlegels are of German origin and are interested more by culture, whereas the Wilcoxs are deeply involved in the world of business. The Wilcoxs wealth is demonstrated at the start of the novel as Charles drives Mrs Munt from the station to Howards End. It is clear straight away to the reader that the Wilcoxs must be of great wealth as a motorcar was a great privilege in Edwardian times and only the elite would have them. Helen and Pauls affair at the beginning of the novel also allows for the reader to see how much the Wilcoxs care for money as Charles states that Paul hasnt a penny, dooming the relationship barely before they even knew it had begun and finished. Pauls lack of financial substance gives an interesting contrast to a modern audience. As in modern times most couples would not let money divide their love, whereas in Edwardian times it would ruin relationships in an instant. Mrs Munts first reaction to the affair is one of a pessimistic nature; she exclaims, What do you think of the Wilcoxs? Are they are sort? Are they likely people? This shows Mrs Munts interest is more in the Wilcoxs financial and social background. Forster portrays the different interests of the two families in an interesting way, which affirms Margarets view that money is the second most important thing in the world. The Shlegels love for literature and music is demonstrated when the Shlegels go to a lecture on music and meaning. This is where Forster cleverly introduces Margarets interest in Leonard Bast. The Clerk is in the lowest rank of the middle classes but strives to better himself and his social status and cultural bacground. The two meet rather awkwardly as Helen accidentally steals Mr. Basts umbrella. Helen immediately takes an interest in Mr Bast as she realises he is not very well off but she see his desire for the arts. Helen does not seem to understand how strong willed Mr Bast is, as she tries to help his financial situation by giving him money. He is offended by this as he wants to make his way in life, but he wants to do it by himself. This is when Helen learns that money is not as important as happiness. It is clear from the way Helen and Margaret react to Mr Bast that the Shlegels are committed to personal relations. Helens interest in Mr Bast soon turns into something more as she begins to really admire his desire to climb the social ladder. Even when the Shlegels try to help Leonard by giving him money he returns the money out of principle showing that he does not want hand outs. The ironic factor in this section of the novel is that Helen invests the money and subsequently makes a profit. This portrays how for some of the upper classes money is inescapable. F. R. Leavis stated that although the portraits of the Schlegels and Wilcoxes were reasonably accurate, Leonard Bast was an unreal creation, a mere external grasping at something that lies outside the authors firsthand experience, This critique is interesting as it shows Forsters portrayal of Bast as a generalisation of what he assumed of a class he knew little about. Forsters depiction of the two families in the novel helps the reader understand how important happiness and culture is. The Wilcoxs unfortunately seem too involved in money to behave in a more ethical manner. When Ruth Wilcox dies, she leaves Howards End to Margaret Shlegel. Henry Wilcox knows from the beginning that the scrap of paper Mrs Wilcox has written on is no forgery, but Charles and the other Wilcoxs money driven personalities come in to play. Charles says My dear father, consult an expert if you like, but I dont admit that is my mothers writing Why, you just said it was! cried Dolly. Never mind if I did, he blazed out. This confusion represents the Wilcox selfishness and in a way lack of respect for their departed mothers wishes. Although the piece of paper is not legally binding there is certainly a moral issue that would be looked upon far more seriously in modern times than in Edwardian. Again this demonstrates how Forsters depiction of the Wilcoxs is far more based around money and material goods than morals and personal relations. I think that too many readers, one is quite shocked at when Margaret agrees to marry Henry Wilcox after having read about his families deceitful ways Leavis, also cannot believe, in other words, that a sensitive, imaginative, cultivated woman like Margaret Schlegel could ever be attracted to an obtuse, egotistic, unscrupulous, self-deceiving businessman like Henry Wilcox. The material artefacts in Howards End have a great impact on the readers understanding of Edwardian times, as well as what portraying the two families interests. Motorcars represent class divides and the restless, money driven, modern civilization that the Wilcoxs are involved in building. They are cut off from the natural world as they travel at abnormal speeds again giving the impression of the Wilcoxs care for only one thing. They also are brutally unsympathetic when they kill a girls pet cat and made no effort to comfort the child. The Schlegels books and sword portray the powerful, expensive European culture that Leonard Bast aspires to but cannot reach. In the end, the interfering of the Shlegels seems just as responsible for Leonards unhappy fate as the Wilcoxs lack of sympathy for Mr Bast throughout the novel, and the part the books and sword play in his death dramatizes.

The Life Of Lincoln West :: Essays Papers

The Life Of Lincoln West "It comforted him. For almost four years it meant a lot to him," ends the short story, "The Life of Lincoln West" by Gwendolyn Brooks. This quote suggests that the eleven-year-old Lincoln commits suicide. Why would he do this? Because of the crushing rejection of Lincoln by his parents, teacher, friends, and strangers, he ends his life. Although it may be hard to believe, Lincoln was rejected by his own family. His father couldn't stand to look at Lincoln. He tried very hard to please his father but was not successful. His mother put him with her hairpins and sweethearts, dance slippers, and torn paper roses. She didn't think of her own child as anymore important than these insignificant objects. His parents didn't love him because of the way he looked. Holidays with his family were ruined because his family members couldn't believe that he was so ugly. They felt resentment about him. Lincoln loved his kindergarten teacher but her only concern for Lincoln was one part sympathy and two parts repulsion. It was even difficult for her to be polite to Lincoln because of the way he looked. She did a nice thing for Lincoln one day after school by walking him home. The only reason she walked Lincoln home from school was because she felt pity for him. After she started walking him home she regretted it. Children need other children to grow up with and have fun with. Lincoln only had this with his neighbor friends when there wasn't anyone else around. They were nice to him and played with him but when other kids were around they acted like they weren't his friend. The kids on the playground wouldn't let him touch them and wouldn't be it when he caught them while they played tag. Lincoln had no real friends. No one liked him. Even strangers walking down the street would look at Lincoln and point and stare. In the movie theatre with his mother one day a man pointed Lincoln out and called him "Black, ugly and odd." They said that he was "The real thing." Lincoln found happiness in this statement. "The real thing" made him feel like he was special, a somebody.

Licensed casino gambling Essay

Individual effects: Is gambling generally harmful to the individual gambler? | Yes * Gambling is irrational and reckless and should, therefore, be regulated by the government. There may be the possibility of winning a big prize, but the overwhelming likelihood is that a gambler will lose money. This is ensured by the fact that Casinos are profit-minded organizations, and calculate their odds so that they will always make a profit. Because gamblers are always likely to lose and suffer as a result, the activity can be seen in many ways as an irrational engagement. Gambling attracts people with little money who are desperate for a windfall. These are the people who can least afford to lose money. They should be protected from the temptation to gamble. | NoContention that the general individual losses from gambling are justified by it being a fun and leisurely activity worth â€Å"paying† for: Gamblers know that, overall, they are likely to lose money. They gamble because it is a leisure pursuit that they enjoy. There is nothing irrational about this. Some people get an enjoyable thrill from the remote possibility that they might win a huge prize – even if they lose, they enjoy the experience. Some forms of gambling are highly sociable. For example, many people go to bingo halls to spend time with friends. Society accepts people spending (â€Å"wasting†? ) money on other leisure pursuits with no material benefits (e. g. cinema tickets, watching sport) – gambling should not be any different. It is patronizing to suggest that people, including those on low incomes, should not be able to choose how they spend their money. * Psychological benefits of gambling: Some argue that gambling offers psychological benefits. The psychological benefits may include: 1. A feeling of control (which some describe as God-like). 2. Confidence that extends from feelings of executive control in decision-making. 3. Benefits in the ability to psycho-analyze other peoples thoughts, and placing moneyed interests and incentives behind the results of such psycho-analysis. [1] 4. Total engagement and â€Å"peak experience†. â€Å"It provides the gambler with ‘peak experience,’ that godlike feeling when all of one’s physical and emotional senses are ‘go. ‘†[2] 5. The release from daily tension. 6. Feelings of exercising â€Å"‘the adventurer within us’ – that part of ourselves which lusts for change, the wooing of the unknown, change, danger, all that is new†¦ It is part of what makes us human. â€Å"[3] 7. Feelings of engaging in a ubiquitous, historical human tradition. 8. Emotions of non-conformity and freedom. One source quoted a gambler who said, â€Å"All day long you do what them dumb bastard supervisors tell you. Don’t make no difference whether it makes sense or not. Sometimes you just gotta get out of line. â€Å"[4] * Gambling increases individual efficiency: Studies show that, contrary to popular belief, gambling is by and large beneficial to the gambler and increases rather than decreases his efficiency. It is beneficial in that it stimulates, offers hope, allows decision making, and, in many cases,| Crime effects: Does gambling cause an increase in various kinds of related criminal activities? | [][Edit]Yes * Casinos are often associated with criminal activity. Drug dealers and prostitutes operate near casinos – they know that there are a large number of potential clients in the area. Casinos can therefore be devastating to neighborhoods. | [][Edit]No * People committing crimes should be prosecuted. The existence of criminals does not make nearby businesses (including casinos) immoral. It is perverse to punish people who just want to gamble (and not take drugs or use prostitutes) by taking away their chance to do so. | Bad industry? Are casinos an industry with bad merit? Is nothing of value produced by casinos? | Yes * Casinos don’t produce any â€Å"product†: Many contend that gambling is inappropriate because it does not generate any tangible product. One commentators says that gambling â€Å"is an ethereal substance–â€Å"a biological substance†Ã¢â‚¬â€œthat produces â€Å"highs†¦ generated usually by anticipation. â€Å"[5]| No * Contention that casinos are involved in the entertainment business, and need not produce a tangible product: Gambling is a form of entertainment that is similar to many other forms of entertainment; the objective is merely to foster a desired emotional response from the audience. Movies, theater, fair-grounds, concerts, sporting-events, and casinos are all similar in that their primary function is to foster an environment of entertainment. That is their â€Å"product†, which need not be physical in order to be viewed as valuable. | Addiction: Is gambling commonly addictive, and would this be a reason for regulating it? | Yes * Gambling is addictive. Many people end up gambling to try to recover money they have already lost. This is known as ‘chasing losses’. It results in people staking more and more money, most of which they will lose. Gambling addicts often turn to crime to feed their addiction. Addiction is highly damaging to families, since gamblers will spend whatever money they can on gambling. People start to gamble without thinking that they will become addicted. Once they become addicted, it is too late. As with drugs, it is better to ban gambling to stop people getting started in the first place. * Analogy that gambling truly is like a drug, and should be treated as a controlled substance: * It is â€Å"drug-like† in the way that it dramatically utilizes human chemicals: William M. Thompson, â€Å"Gambling: A Controlled Substance†, PBS Interview, 1994 – â€Å"Is the comparison of drugs and gambling unfair? Consider the words of Thomas R. O’Brien, formerly Director of Gaming Enforcement for the state of New Jersey. In 1984 he told a conference on gambling that the success of Atlantic City was tied to how well it sold its ‘only products. ‘ He then said: ‘That product is not entertainment or recreation or leisure. It’s really adrenaline: a biological substance capable of producing excitement–highs and generated usually by anticipation or expectation of a future event, especially when the outcome of that event is in doubt. ‘ According to chief regulator of the industry, gambling was not only a drug, but a mind-altering drug. † * The addictive and destructive nature of gambling is also drug-like:William M. Thompson, â€Å"Gambling: A Controlled Substance†, PBS Interview, 1994 – â€Å"Where governments do not prohibit, the majority can exercise self-control. Seventy-five percent gamble responsibly. They find it an entertaining diversion. But another 20 percent overindulge. They incur debts that impair abilities to support their families, unless they stop. Usually they can. Four percent cannot stop without intervention of others. Then there are the one-half to one percent (and these are conservative estimates) who fall into destructive behaviors when exposed to gambling. Families are destroyed, friendships broken, employment disrupted. Cycles of deception and crime lead to ruined lives–and in many cases, suicide. â€Å"| No * Contention that gambling is not physically addictive: Unlike drugs, gambling is not physically addictive. It is only psychologically addictive in some people. Only a small percentage of gamblers have an addiction. Many more get enjoyment from gambling without problems – why should these people suffer because a few others get addicted? The risks of gambling addiction are well known. People can make a conscious choice to start gambling, and are aware of the risks of addiction. Treatment programmes can address the problems of those who are addicted. | Economic harm? Do casinos casinos cause economic harm or provide very few economic benefits? | Yes * The long-term economic negatives outweigh the short-term economic gains: John Warren Kind, â€Å"The Business-Economic Impacts of Licensed Casino Gambling in West Virginia: Short-Term Gain but Long-Term Pain†, PBS, 1994 – â€Å"While the dollars invested in various legalized gambling projects and the jobs initially created are evident, the industry has been criticized for inflating the positive economic impacts and trivializing or ignoring the negative impacts (Goodman 1994). The industry’s tendency to focus on specialized factors provides a distorted view of the localized economic positives, while ignoring the strategic business-economic costs to the state as a whole (such as West Virginia) and to different regions of the United States (California Governor’s Office 1992, Kindt 1995). In 1994, all of the various experts who testified before the U. S. House of Representatives Committee on Small Business criticized the impacts that casino-style gambling activities inflict upon the criminal justice system, the social welfare, system, small businesses, and the economy (Congressional Hearing 1994). Utilizing legalized gambling activities as a strategy for economic development was thoroughly discredited during the hearing. † * The actual economic benefits of casinos are exaggerated. They generally only create low-paid jobs for local people; the casino companies usually bring in managers from elsewhere. * There are too many economic â€Å"externalities† surrounding gambling, which nullify the benefits: * Crime – * Risky behavior – Compulsive gambling may foster poor, sometimes risky money-management habits. These habits may transfer over to other areas of the economy, where risky behaviors translate into a higher likelihood of loss in various markets. * Time consumption – Compulsive gambling often entails significant time consumption, which detracts from more productive ends. * Jobs could be created through many other industries that cause fewer moral and practical problems (e. g. theme parks). * Any economic benefits would not matter, if the industry is deemed immoral: * Estimated losses from compulsive gambling: William M. Thompson, â€Å"Gambling: A Controlled Substance†, PBS Interview, 1994 – â€Å"Conservative numbers suggest it costs society $13,000 per year for each compulsive gambler. The losses include treatment costs, lost productivity, criminal activity and judicial costs. Estimating that widespread gambling across America would create one million compulsive gamblers, the resulting annual economic loss would exceed $13 billion. â€Å"| No * Casinos cause money to be spent on transport infrastructure, which is very beneficial to economies: * Casinos help the tourism industry of a place: The jobs are not just in the casino itself. More jobs are created in hotels and other parts of the tourism industry. * Examples in which casinos have helped to regenerate many places that previously had considerable poverty and social problems: * Atlantic City. * New Jersey. * Legalized gambling on reservations is very important to Native American tribes: Anthony Pico, Chairman of the Viejas Indians, explains the benefits to his tribe of legalized gambling on his tribe’s reservation in a PBS interview. [6]| Social welfare effects: Are the charitable generations from gambling substantial, and can this go toward justifying their existence? | Yes * It is immoral for the state or charities to raise money by exploiting people’s stupidity and greed. * Gambling is regressive (this means that the poor pay a greater proportion of their income in tax than the rich). This is because poor people are more likely to gamble. Regressive taxation is deeply unfair. * â€Å"Legalized gambling activities act as a regressive tax on the poor† (Clotfelter and Cook 1989). Specifically, the legalization of various forms of gambling activities makes â€Å"poor people poorer† and can dramatically intensify many pre-existing social-welfare problems. Demographic analyses reveal that certain disadvantaged socioeconomic groups tend to gamble proportionately greater amounts of their overall income and marketing efforts, particularly by state lotteries, have allegedly been directed at these target groups. † – John Warren Kind, â€Å"The Business-Economic Impacts of Licensed Casino Gambling in West Virginia: Short-Term Gain but Long-Term Pain†, PBS, 1994 * Contention that education is harmed by gambling practices: Kind, PBS, 1994 – â€Å"Legalized gambling activities also negatively affect education– both philosophically and fiscally (Better Government Association 1992; Clotfelter and Cook 1989). Adherence to a philosophy of making a living via gambling activities not only abrogates the perceived need for an education, but also reinforces economically unproductive activities (and is statistically impossible since the ‘house’ always wins eventually). In states with legalized gambling activities which were initiated allegedly to bolster tax revenues to ‘education,’ the funding in ‘real dollars’ has almost uniformly decreased. â€Å"| No * Gambling is often used to raise money for the state or good causes. Charities use prize draws to raise funds:| Should online gambling be banned? | Yes * Internet gambling is especially dangerous. Someone can become addicted very easily – they don’t even need to leave their home. This also means that they are gambling in private. They may therefore be less reluctant to wager very large sums they cannot afford. It is very hard to know the identity of an online gambler – there have been several cases of people (including children) using stolen credit cards to gamble online. Online gambling may be hard to control but that is not a reason to try – making an activity more difficult to pursue will still reduce the number of those who take it up. It is not impossible to put effective deterrent steps in place, such as the recent US ban on American banks processing credit card payments to internet ]. | No * It is impossible to stop online gambling. When it has been banned, people have just used sites based in other countries. It is better to legalize and regulate online gambling than to drive gamblers to poorly-regulated foreign operators. Regulation can reduce the problems identified by the proposition. For example, online gamblers can be required to give personal details when registering (e. g. occupation, income). If this information suggests they are spending more than they can afford, the company can block their credit card. In any case, most online gamblers do not get addicted. Why should they be denied an activity that they enjoy? |

Utopian Concepts in The Beach Essay - 1141 Words

Why do we search for something greater than our existence itself? What makes us crave the unknown, the unexplored? Since the beginning of time, humanity as a whole has always tried to better itself, to perfect the art of civilization. The Beach is a prime example of human kinds quest for the perfect society, our own Utopia. In our minds, a Utopia is the perfect community, where no flaws are established, no problems occur. Yet, human kind typically will always destroy itself, no matter how perfect their community seemingly is. Deterioration of these makeshift communities is inevitable. This is exactly what happened to the community at the Beach. Their discreet society was single handedly destroyed by one man, named Richard.†¦show more content†¦A child can illustrate a good example of this idea best. This child dreams of beginning a club, something that is unordinary to the rest. He is self-sufficient and depends little on others. Once he gets the club established a nd built, the first instinct to this child is to select a head official for this club. Someone who will take charge and set down laws and boundaries, the idealistic leader. Even as that small child, you want guidelines set by a leader, a strict paradigm that the whole group has to obey, and if its challenged in any way, the challenger is punished. Your ...innocent eye sees nothing. You dont see anything wrong with this process, not realizing that these rules and boundaries set so early on, will become the grave of all your hard work, the death of your dream. Richard, like the small independent child stated above, is the entrepreneur, the dreamer. He craves an unordinary journey; he doesnt want to be just like every other tourist that explores Bangkok. Almost as if faith answered Richards prayers, Daffy was introduced. Daffy, already established to be crazy, surrounded by dark lighting, and his screaming of profanities at no one in particular, so happened to be Richards neighbor. Daffy tells Richard about a wonderful place that grows bulks of pot, has white sandy beaches, and crystal blue water thats so clear you can see straight to the bottom. Richard intrigued by DaffysShow MoreRelatedDover Beach and Farenheit 4511461 Words   |  6 Pages English 2342 20 April 2011 Dover Beach and Fahrenheit 451 The classic poem, Dover Beach, written by Matthew Arnold, is a statement about losing faith as a result of enlightenment. In an emotionally charged scene in Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451, fireman Guy Montag reads the poem aloud to his wife and her friends. Bradbury could have chosen any piece of literature for Montag to read as a means of unveiling his collection of hoarded books and his newfound interest in reading them. 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Moses wanted to build a particular social effect (22-23). And in fact he made sure that a rail line would not be built to go to the beach. Similarly, Baron Haussmann engineered broad Parisian thoroughfaresRead More Summary of The Whale and the Reactor by Langdon Winner Essay3245 Words   |  13 Pagesabove regard include the highway overpasses at Jones Beach, designed by Robert Moses, which are quot;extraordinarily lowquot; so that poor people cannot gain access to the beach because their only method of transportation there would have to be by bus yet a bus cannot get under the overpasses. Moses wanted to quot;build a particular social effectquot; (22-23). And in fact he made sure that a rail line would not be built to go to the beach. 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Not a Disease, but a Journey Breast Cancer - 1410 Words

My mom bought me a breast cancer awareness purse for my fifteenth birthday. I thought it was the ugliest thing I’d ever seen. It was black with white lettered sayings plastered all over it. Things like â€Å"cancer isn’t about living and dying, it’s about living until I die† and â€Å"fight like a girl.† The sayings didn’t mean anything to me, and neither did the purse. The only thing cute about it was the pink ribbon in the corner, but that wasn’t enough for me to flaunt it around everywhere. Cancer to me was a death sentence. If the doctor told you that you had cancer, you were going to die, it was that simple. Cancer was something that was never going to happen to me or to anyone I loved. It just didn’t happen that way. I guess you could say we, myself and my loved ones, were invincible. It didn’t take long though, for cancer to become a trip to the emergency room after my mom had severe back pain. Cancer was a pain, o ne that didn’t ever go away. 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The initiative would mean thatRead MoreThe Experience Of The Saudi Arabian Women Who Had Finished Breast Cancer Treatment Essay1655 Words   |  7 Pages This chapter provides a description of the experience of the Saudi Arabian women who had finished breast cancer treatment. It gives short biographical details of each of the breast cancer survivors before describing their unique experiences. It is worth noting that writing the women’s stories in English was a challenging task to do as I had done the interview in Arabic and some words do not translate well into English. 5.1 Nourah Nourah is in her early forties, married, has 4 children, isRead MoreThe Emperor Of All Maladies Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Emperor of All Maladies (A biography of cancer), written by Siddhartha Mukherjee Introduction â€Å"The Emperor of All Maladies† captured the whole essence of cancer. 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Career Development Plan - 2558 Words

Career Development Plan Summary HRM/531 August 16, 2010 Abstract Career development plans are essential within a successful organization. Career plans allows the organization to both actively manage employee career progression, but also empower the organizations employees with active career management assets. Kudler Fine Foods to maintain sustainable growth and additional success must make an investment in the organizations employees to reach the organizations strategic goals, and objectives. The following summary contains justifications and recommendations to Kudler’s upper management in several key areas including; job descriptions and qualifications for five new positions, training programs to introduce and enhance the skills and†¦show more content†¦The store manager is responsible for providing accurate and effective guidance to the store’s employees. Qualifications include a bachelor’s degree or equivalent experience, and a minimum of five years of retail or industry related management experience. * Acc ount Manager: Responsible for managing Kudler’s accounts, and subsequent reporting to authorized, and necessary organizational employees. Qualifications include a bachelor’s degree in finance, and related experience. * Stock Manager: Responsible for management of store locations stock, the development, and management of supplier and business relationships, accurately and efficient communication to store management of stock levels, issues, and pertinent information. Qualifications include an associate’s degree, and a minimum of three years related experience * Customer Service Executive: Responsible for customer relations, ensuring efficient management of customer feedback, comments, ensuring employees are provided with accurate, effective stock and merchandise information, and effective salesmanship proficiencies. Qualifications include a bachelor’s degree and related experience. * Sales amp; Marketing Manager: Responsible for the management of sales and marketing of assigned Kudler store or stores. Qualifications a bachelor’s degree in the field of marketing, andShow MoreRelatedCareer Development Plan Summary2267 Words   |  10 Pages Career Development Plan Summary University of Phoenix Today’s economy demands that employers face the challenges that are associated with the economy, internal budget pressures, and a highly competitive business environment. Kudler Fine Foods is owned and operated by Kathy Kudler. She currently manages the business by herself which includes staffing, ordering of merchandise, marketing, and personalized customer service. 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Determining career goals and objectives, allows for the assessment of current skills, talents, and the realistic ability to attain the predetermined goals at the end of the plan. The goals determined in a career plan should be achievable and considered the startingRead MoreCareer Development Plan For A Career Plan2386 Words   |  10 PagesCareer Development Plan The fundamental role of any aspiring professional is the development of a distinctive career plan. Although the development of a career plan may seem simple but it does require careful thoughtful planning and effort. Determining career goals and objectives, allows for the assessment of current skills, talents, and the realistic ability to attain the predetermined goals at the end of the plan. The goals determined in a career plan should be achievable and considered the startingRead MoreCareer Plan For A Career Development1706 Words   |  7 Pagesin coaching and teaching people how to become and remain successful leaders. 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Drug Abuse free essay sample

An estimated 12. 8 million Americans, about 6 percent of the household population aged twelve and older, use illegal drugs on a current basis (www. ncjrs. gov). Over the years the abuse of psychoactive drugs has become a persistent issue effecting individuals worldwide. Psychoactive Drugs are substances that change a person’s mood, perception, mental functioning and behavior (Understanding Psychology pg 142). These drugs are often ingested to alter an individuals feelings or to help them cope with their problems. However the â€Å"high† that they receive does not remain long, resulting in the continuous use of the drug to remain feeling that â€Å"high†. Nevertheless the ongoing abuse of these drugs may lead to these individuals developing a tolerance for the drug. This results to the individual becoming dependant upon the drug. This dependence is known as addiction. Nicotine, â€Å"Crack† Cocaine and Alcohol, are the most dangerous and addictive psychoactive drugs. Other commonly abused drugs are Amphetamines, Prescription Medication, Heroin, Ecstasy, and Marijuana. The nonmedical use of prescription-type drugs (NMUPD), which is the same as using drugs without a prescription, and it is very common among young adults. For instance, drugs such as sedatives, opioids, and stimulants are commonly misused by adolescents simply for the experience or the feeling. The nonmedical use of prescription drugs ranks as one of the most common drug problems in the United States. However, the rate of misuse has slightly declined in recent years. The victims of misuse are mostly young teenagers who dont have much information about the drugs and their side effects. These teenagers most often access the drugs through their friends and family. Different circumstances such as peer pressure might lead to drug abuse and dependence. Could mental illnesses be a strong contributing factors associated with causing increased cases of illegal drug misuse and substance abuse? Adolescents suffering from mental illness, regardless of its severity, are at a higher risk of NMUPD. A teenagers mental status and some environmental factors may significantly affect a teenager to abuse drugs. Mental illness can have a significant effect on drug misuse and dependence. Because of the stress and pressures that students experience at school and at home, many students are at a higher risk of experiencing mental discomforts such as anxiety and depression which can often result in undiagnosed and hence, untreated drug abuse. Additionally, many psychotherapeutic drugs as well as alcohol are being misused because of the feeling of excitement they cause. This form of drug abuse is highly associated with alcohol abuse. The early age of the onset of NMUPD is another reason for prescription drug misuse and dependence. On the other hand, many adolescents misuse prescription drugs for treatment purposes and do not realize they are abusing the drugs, and they will eventually become dependent on them. According to Allison N. Monge, a separate line of research indicates that in the presence of experienced mental- disorder symptoms†some individuals use these substances for purposes of self- treatment (40). Because young people do not have enough information, they cannot make informed choices. Many teenagers would think overusing drugs that were once rescribed to them does not cause any issues, but because they are not fully aware of the side effects and are under the impression that since the drugs were once prescribed to them they can continue using it, they decide to abuse the them which often leads to dependence. Some young adults misuse these medications Just to experience the mental feeling the drugs cause while some take them to relieve pain, stay awake or fall asleep. Nonetheless, misusing them could result in drug abuse and drug dependence regardless of the intent. Drug abuse and dependence is highly correlated with alcohol abuse. According to Jenna L. McCauley, high rates of other substance use/abuse (including binge drinking, illicit drug use, and alcohol abuse) on the evidence, most of the drug abuse cases show a similarly high dependent on alcohol use. The co-occurring of alcohol abuse and non-medical use of prescription drugs is common. Many alcohol abusers have shown anxiety associated a with mood disorder. Psychiatric drugs are often prescribed for patients with mood disorders. Once a young adult with an established mood disorder experiences the psychiatric drugs the risk of dependence and abuse can highly increase. Alcohol abuse can ncrease the mental disorders severity or even cause other medical and psychiatric problems, which may result in ultimately further use of stimulants and sedatives. Usage of such drugs can further open a young person to an increased cause of drug abuse and dependence. The social status of a teenager could be a significant factor in start the NMUPD. This factor is mentioned in the McCauleys article, With respect to psychosocial variables, lower family income, lower levels of parental involvement and adolescent involvement in delinquent activities also have received some support as risk factors for adolescent NMUPD (88). According to the studies, it is generally agreed that almost 50 percent of the mentally ill population also has a drug abuse problem. However, the mental status of the adolescent could also be affected by their social condition. Younger adults with mental illnesses usually abuse drugs without their families knowing. The families of these teenage drug abusers who are also struggling with mental illness usually do not recognize the substance abuse problem of their teen, which is not that surprising because the behavioral changes that might lead to suspicion of drug problems in other people already exist in the family. There are many challenges associated with a teens life, especially sexual or physical assault that unfortunately many of them experience. Based on Celia C, Lo, Both sexual assault and physical assault are significantly correlated with NMUPD on the bivariate level (45). Handling all the pressure and the stress caused by an unhealthy environment alone could be really frustrating for a teenager. In addition to all of the environmental stress, being sexually assaulted can largely affect the teens decision to abuse psychiatric drugs. Physical assault that is very common among teenagers hese days is also a very important factor. Young adults would misuse prescription drugs to get intoxicated and feel a sense of relief so that they can forget about their problems for the time being. Using prescription drugs at early ages can highly lead to drug abuse and dependence. The NMUPD is associated with individuals developing dependence, especially for the adolescents who start using it at early ages such as sixteen or even thirteen years of age. McCauley mentions, According to recent estimates, over 2 million teens (aged 12 to 17 years; 9. 3%) in the United States reported past-year NMUPD(92). The prescribing of drugs at an early age can lead to drug abuse and dependence. If prescription drugs are introduced later in life, it will lower the chance that an individual will become addicted. According to studies done many adults have started the NMUPD before the age of 21 . Research has shown that individuals who begin using drugs before age 15 are more likely to develop drug abuse and dependence in their life-time. Based on the increased risk related to early onset, the importance of developing prevention methods for reducing NMUPD between children and adolescents is remarkable. In general, alcohol, opioids, and sedative drugs are the first psychoactive drugs that young people usually experiment environmental conditions, and the early onset of prescription-type drugs leads to the non-medical use of prescription drugs. The use of such substances can lead to use of marijuana and other drugs which can all result in further drug abuse and dependence. The use of prescription drugs to feel intoxicated is common among adolescents. However, family care can be an important factor to prevent the alcohol and drug abuse. Because of their sensitive mental conditions, younger adults are at igher risk of non-medical use of prescription drugs. There should be more mental healthcare provided for students in colleges so that there would be less drug abuse and dependence.